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REFERENCES on Treatment of 

Compulsive Pornography Use

Pornography Intervention - A Training Resource
By Jim Messina, Ph.D., CCMHC, NCC, DCMHS-T

References: Treatment for Compulsive Pornography Use


Adams, K.M. & Robinson, D.W. (2001). Shame reduction, affect regulation, and sexual boundary development: Essential building blocks of sexual addiction treatment. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 8, 25-44.


Bergner, R.M. & Bridges, A.J. (2002). The significance of heavy pornography involvement for romantic partners: Research and clinical implications. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 28, 195-206


Berridge, K.C. & Robinson, T.E. (2016). Liking, wanting, and the incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. American Psychologist, 71(8). 670-679. doi.org/10.1037/amp0000059


Bipeta, R., Yerramilli, S.S., Karredla, A.R. & Gopinath, S. (2015). Diagnostic stability of internet addiction in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Data from a one-year treatment study. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(3-4), 14-23.


Brezing, C., Derevensky, J.L. & Potenza, M.N. (2010). Non-substance addictive behaviors in youth: Pathological gambling and problematic internet use. Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 19(3), 625-641. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2010.03.012.


Butler, M.H. & Seedall, R.B. (2006). The attachment relationship in recovery from addiction. Part 1: Relationship mediation. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 13, 289-315. DOI: 10.1080/10720160600897581


Capurso, N.A. (2017). Naltrexone for treatment of comorbid tobacco and pornography addiction. American Journal on Addiction, 26(2), 115-117.


Carvalho, J. & Nobre, P.J. (2016). Psychosexual characteristics women reporting sexual aggression against men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 31(15), 2539-2555. DOI: 10.1177/0886260515579504


Chaney, M.P. & Chang, C.Y. (2005). A trio of turmoil for internet sexually addicted me who have sex with men: Boredom proneness, social connectedness, and dissociation. . Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 12, 3-18. DOI: 10.1080/10720160590933671


Chisholm, M. & Call, T.L. (2015). Shame and x-rated addiction: The role of spirituality in treating male pornography addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 22, 259-272. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2015.1066279


Cohn, R. (2014). Calming the tempest, bridging the gorge: Healing in couples ruptured by “sex addiction.” Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 29(1), 76-86. doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2013.869314


Corely, M.D. (2005). Sexplanations II: Helping addicted parents talk with their children about healthy sexuality, sexual addiction and sexual abuse. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 12, 245-258. DOI: 10.1080/10720160500361951

Corley, M.D., Pollard, S.E., Hook, J.N. & Schneider, J.P. (2013). Impact of disclosure of relapse for self-identified sexual addicts. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 20, 157-170. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2013.786659


Cox, R.P. & Howard, M.D. (2007). Utilization of EMD in the treatment of sexual addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 14, 1-20. DOI:10.1080/10720160601011299


Cravens, J.D. & Whiting, J.B. (2014). Clinical implications of internet infidelity: Where Facebook fits in. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 42, 325-339. DOI:10.1080/01926187.2013.874211


Davies, M. (2003). Clergy sexual addiction: A systemic preventative mode. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 10, 99-109. DOI: 1080/10720160390230637


Delboy, S. (2015). Evidence-based practice for sex addiction: A clinical case illustration. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 22, 273-289. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2015.1072487


Del Guidice, M.J. & Kutinsky, J. (2007). Applying motivational interviewing to the treatment of sexual compulsivity and addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 14, 303-319. DOI: 10.1080/10720160701710634


Derbyshire, K.L. & Grant, J.E. (2015). Compulsive sexual behavior: A review of the literature. Journal of Behavioural Addictions, 4(2), 37-43. DOI:10.1556/2006.4.2015.003


Doornwaard, S.M., van den Eijnden, R.J.J.M., Baams, L., Vanwesenbeeck, I. & ter Bogt, T.F.M. (2016). Lower psychological well-being and excessive sexual interest predict symptoms of compulsive sue of sexually explicit internet materials among adolescent boys. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45, 73-84. DOI 10.1007/s10964-015-0326-9


Drouin, M. & Miller, D.A. (2016). Online erotica usage as a mediator between internet addiction and engagement in risky online sexual behaviors. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 10(3), article 2. doi: 10.5817/CP2016-3-2


Egan, V. & Parmar, R. (2013). Dirty habits? Online pornography use, personality, obsessionality, and compulsivity. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 39, 394-409. DOI:10.1080/0092623X.2012.710182


Fall, K.A. & Howard, R.C. (2015). An Adlerian perspective on problematic internet pornography use. The Journal of Individual Psychology, 71(3), 273-289.


Ferree, M.C. (2002). Sexual addiction and co-addiction: Experiences among women of faith. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 9, 285-292. DOI: 1080/10720123746029006


Fong, T.W. (2006). Understanding and managing compulsive sexual behaviors. Psychiatry, 3(11), 51-56

Frykholm, A. (2007). Pastors and pornography: Addictive behavior. The Christian Century, September 2007, 20-22.


Georgianna, S. (2015). Addressing risk factors associated with women’s sexually compulsive behaviors through psychoeducation and self-leadership development. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 22, 314-343. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2015.1072489


Gilkerson, L. (2013). When your child is looking at porn: A step by step guide for christian parents. Owasso, MI: Covenant Eyes, Inc.


Giordano, A.L. & Cecil, A.L. (2014). Religious coping, spirituality, and hypersexual behavior among college students. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 21, 225-239. DOI:10.1080/10720162.2014.936542


Giordano, A.L., Cashwell, C.S., Lankford, C., King, K. and Henson, R.K. (2017). Collegiate sexual addiction: Exploring religious coping and attachment. Journal of Counseling & Development, 95, April, 135-144. DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12126


Gola, M. & Potenza, M.N. (2016). Paroxetine treatment of problematic pornography use: A case study. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 5(3), 529-532. DOI:10.1556/2006.5.2016.046


Greenfield, P.M. (2004). Inadvertent exposure to pornography on the Internet: Implications of peer-to-peer file-sharing networks for child development and families. Applied Developmental Psychology 25, 741-750, doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2004.09.009


Griffee, K., O’Keefe, S.L., Beard, K.W., Young, D.H., Kommor, M.J., Linz, T.D., Swindell, S. & 

Strobel, S.S. (2014). Human sexual development is subject to critical period learning: Implications for sexual addiction, sexual therapy and for child rearing. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 21, 114-169. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2014.906012


Gulsun, M., Gulcat, Z. & Aydin, H. (2007). Clinical Drug Investigation, 27(3), 219-223. 


Hagedorn, W.B. (2009). Sexual addiction counseling competencies: Empirically-based tools for preparing clinicians to recognize, assess, and treat sexual addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 16, 190-209. DOI: 10.1080/10720160903202604


Hahn, C. & Kim, D.J. (201). Is there a shared neurobiology between aggression and internet addiction disorder? Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(1), 12-20. DOI:10.1556/JBA.3.2014.1.2


Hall, P. (2011). A biopsychosocial view of sex addiction. Sex and Relationship Therapy, 26(3), 217-228. doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2011.628310


Hall, P. (2013). A new classification model for sex addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 20, 279-291. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2013.807484


Hall, P. (2014). Sex addiction-An extraordinarily contentious problem. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 29(1), 68-75. doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2013.861898


Hasletine, F.P. (2000). Gender differences in addiction and recovery. Journal of Women’s Health & Gender-Based Medicine, 9(6), 579-583.


Hentsch-Cowles, G. & Brock, L.J. (2013). A systemic review of the literature on the role of the partner of the sex addict, treatment models, and a call for research for systems theory model in treating the partner. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 20, 323-335. DOI:10.1080/10720162.2013.845864

Hilton, D.L. (2013). Pornography addiction-a supranormal stimulus considered in context of neuroplasticity. Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology, 3: 20767. doi.org/10.3402/snp.v3i0.20767


Hook, J.N., Farrell, J.E., Davis, D.E., Van Tongeren, B.J., Griffink, B.J., Grubbs, J., Penberthy, J.K. & Bedics, J.D. (2015). Self-forgiveness and hypersexual behavior. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 22, 59-70. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2014.1001542


Howard, M.D. (2007). Escaping the pain: Examining the use of sexually compulsive behavior to avoid the traumatic memories of combat. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 14, 77-94. DOI: 10.1080/10720160701310443


Iwen, M.E. (2015). Shame, sexual addiction, and consumption in American culture. Sexuality and Culture, 19, 413-425. DOI 10.1007/s12119-014-9258-x


Jung, S., Ennis, L., Stein, S., Choy, A.L. & Hook, T. (2013). Child pornography possessors: Comparisons and contrasts with contact- and non-contact sex offenders. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 19(3), 295-310. doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2012.741267


Karacic, S. & Oreskovic, S (2017). Internet addiction through the phase of adolescence: A questionnaire study. JMIR Mental Helath , 4(2), e11. doi:10.2196/mental.5537


Katehakis, A. (2009). Affective neuroscience and the treatment of sexual addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 16, 1-31. DOI: 10.1080/10720160802708966


Klontz, B.T., Garos, S. & Klontz, P. (2005). The effectiveness of brief multimodal experiental therapy in the treatment of sexual addition. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 12, 275-201. DOI: 10.1080/10720160500362488


Kraus, S.W., Martino, S., Potenza, M.N., Park, C., Merrel, J.D. & Hoff, R.A. (2017). Examining compulsive sexual behavior and psychopathology among a sample of postdeployment U.S. male and female military veterans. Military Psychology, 29(2), 145-156.doi.org/10.1037/mil0000147


Laaser, M.R. (2006). Working with couples from a spiritual perspective. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 13, 209-217. DOI: 10.1080/10720160600870760


Laaser, M.R. & Gregoire, L.J. (2003). Pastors and cybersex addiction. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 18(3), 395-404. DOI: 10.1080/1468199031000153982


Laier, C. & Brand, M. (2014). Empirical evidence and theoretical considerations on factors contributing to cybersex addiction from a cognitive-behavioral view. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 21, 305-321. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2014.970722


Laier, C. Pekal, J. & Brand, M. (2014). Cybersex addiction in heterosexual female users of internet pornography can be explained by gratification hypothesis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(8), 505-511. DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2013.0396

Laier, C. Pekal, J. & Brand, M. (2015). Sexual excitability and dysfunctional coping determine cybersex addiction in homosexual males. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(10), 575-580. DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2015.0152


Landau, J., Garrett, J. & Webb, R. (2008). Assisting a concerned person to motivate someone experiencing cybersex into treatment: Application of invitational intervention: The ARISE model to cybersex. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 34(4), 498-511.


Levert, N.P. (2007). A comparison of Christian and Non-Christian males, authoritarianism, and their relationship to internet pornography addiction/compulsion. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 14, 145-166. DOI: 10.1080/10720160701354771


Levine, S.B. (2010). What is sexual addiction? Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 36, 261-275. DOI: 10.1080/00926231003719681


McKeague, E.L. (2014). Differentiating the female sex addict: A literature review focused on themes of gender differences used to inform recommendations for treating women with sex addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 21, 203-224. DOI:10.1080/10720162.2014.931266


McPherson, S., Clayton, S., Wood, H., Hiskey, S. & Andrews, L. (2013). The role of childhood experiences in the development of sexual compulsivity. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 20, 259-278. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2013.803213


Menassa, B.M., Holden, J.M. & Bevly, C.M. (2015). Sex addiction and propensity for boundary violation: Exploring correlation and change over time. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 22, 290-313. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2015.1072488


Millet, E. (2005). The benefit of group hypnotherapy in the treatment of sex addictions. Journal of Heart Centered Therapies, 8(1), 1-6.


Montgomery-Graham, S., Kohut, T., Fisher, W. & Campbell, L. (2015). How the popular media rushes to judgment about pornography and relationships while research lags behind. The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 24(3), 243-256. doi:10.3138/cjhs.243-A4


Ogden, G. (2014). Introduction: Are we asking questions that help our clients? Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 29(1), 1-7. doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2014.886141


Olsen, C.M. (2011). Natural rewards, neuroplasticity, and non-drug addictions. Neuropharmacology, 61(7), 1109-1122. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.03.010.


Park, B.Y., Wilson, G., Berger, J., Christman, M., Reins, B., Bishop, F., Klam, W.P. & Doan, A.P. (2016). Is internet pornography causing sexual dysfunctions? A review with clinical reports. Behavioral Sciences, 6,17. doi:10.3390/bs6030017


Petrician, R., Burris, C.T. & Moscovitch, M. (2015). Shame, sexual compulsivity, and eroticizing flirtatious others: An experimental study. Journal of Sex Research, 52(1), 98-109. DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2013.829796

Phillips, B., Hajela, R. & Hilton, D.L. (2015). Sex addiction as a disease: Evidence for assessment, diagnosis, and response to critics. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 22, 167-192.  DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2015.1036184


Potenza, M.N. (2013). Biological contributions to addictions in adolescents and adults: Prevention, treatment and policy implications. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(2 0 2), S22-S32. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.05.007.


Puterbaugh, D. (2013). Probing the porn problem. USA Today, January 2013, 80.


Putnam, D.E. & Maheu, M.M. (2000). Online sexual addiction and compulsivity: Integrating web resources and behavioral telehealth in Treatment. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 7, 91-112.


Reid, R.C. (2007), Assessing readiness to change among clients seeking help for hypersexual behavior. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 14, 167-185. DOI:10.1080/10720160701480204


Reid, R.C., Bramen, J.E., Anderson, A. & Cohen, M.S. (2014). Mindfulness, emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and stress proneness among hypersexual patients. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70(4), 313-321. DOI:10.1002/jclp.22027


Reid, R.C. & Woolley, S.R. (2006). Using emotional focused therapy for couples to resolve attachment ruptures created by hypersexual behaviors. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 13, 219-239. DOI: 10.1080/10720160600870786


Riemersma, J. & Sytsma, M. (2013). A new generation of sexual addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 20, 306-322. DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2013.843067


Rieth, S.M. (2008). “Telling” about brokenheartedness: A response to a case study of “The disconnected/unplugged man.” Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 10(3), 241-247. doi: 10.1080/19349630802067623


Rosenberg, K.P., Carnes, P. & O’Connor, S. (2014). Evaluation and treatment of sex addiction. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 40(2), 77-91. DOI:10.1080/0092623X.2012.701268


Santos, V.A., Freire, R., Zugliani, M., Cirillo, P., Santos, H.H., Nardi, A.E. & King, A.L. (2016). Treatment of internet addiction with anxiety disorders: Treatment protocol and preliminary before-after results involving pharmacotherapy and modified cognitive behavioral therapy. JMIR Research Protocols, 5(1), e46. doi: 10.2196/resprot.5278


Schaeffer, B. (2009). Sexual Addiction. Transactional Analysis Journal, 39(2), 153-162.


Seedall, R.B. & Butler, M.H. (2008). The attachment relationship in recovery from addiction. Part 2: Substantive enactment interventions. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 15, 77-96. DOI: 10.1080/10720160701878985

Short, M.B., Kasper, T.E. & Wetterneck, C.T. (2015). The relationship between religiosity and internet pornography use. Journal of Religious Health, 54, 571-583. DOI 10.1007/s10943-014-9849-8


Smith, P.H., Potenza, M.N., Mazure, C.M., McKee, S.A., Park, C.L. & Hoff, R.A. (2014). Compulsive sexual behavior among male military veterans: Prevalence and associated clinical factors. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(4), 214-222. DOI:10.1556/JBA.3.2014.4.2


Spooner, L.C. & Lyddon, W.J. (2007). Sandtray therapy for inpatient sexual addiction treatment: An implication of constructivist change principles. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 20, 53-558. DOI: 10.1080/10720530600992782


Stulhofer, A., Jelovica, V. & Ruzic, J. (2008). Is early exposure to pornography a risk factor for sexual compulsivity? Findings from an online survey among young heterosexual adults. International Journal of Sexual Health, 20(4), 270-280. doi:10.1080/19317610802411870


Thomas, J.C. (2016). A humanistic approach to problematic online sexual behavior. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 56(1), 3-33. DOI: 10.1177/0022167814542286


Tripathi, A., Sing, A., Singh, H. & Kar, S.K. (2016). Successful use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in difficult to treat hypersexual disorder. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 3(3), 207-209.h  DOI: 10.4103/0974-1208.19207


Tripodi, C. (2006). Long term treatment of partners of sex addicts, A multi-phase approach. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 13, 269-288. DOI:10.1080/10720160600870810


Turner, M. (2009). Uncovering and treating sex addiction in couples therapy. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 20, 283-302. DOI: 10.1080/08975350902970279


Vogel, J.E. (2006/2007). Using relational-cultural theory to conceptualize couple interactions in the treatment of sex addition. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 2(4), 3-17. doi:l0.1300/J456v02n04_02


Waters, M. (2005). Internet addiction disorder and pastoral care. American Journal of Pastoral Counseling, 8(1), 3-12. doi:10.1300/J062v08n01_02


Wilson, M. (2000). Creativity and shame reduction in sex addiction treatment. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 7, 229-248.


Winder, B., Lievesley, R., Kaul, A., Elliott, H.J., Thorne, K. & Hocken, K. (2014). Preliminary evaluation of the use of pharmaceutical treatment with convicted sexual offenders experiencing high levels of sexual preoccupation, hypersexuality and/or sexual compulsivity. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 25(2), 176-194.  doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2014.903504

Wood, H. (2011). The internet and its role in the escalation of sexually compulsive behavior. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, 25(2), 127-142. DOI:10.1080/02668734.2011.576492


Woods, J. (2013). Group analytic therapy for compulsive users of internet pornography. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, 27(4), 306-318. doi.org/10.1080/02668734.2013.853907


Wright, P.J. (2010). Sexual compulsivity and 12-Step peer and sponsor supportive communication: A cross-legged panel analysis. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 17, 154-169. DOI: 10.1080/10720161003796123


Yau, Y.H.C. & Potenza, M.N. (2015). Gambling disorder and other behavioral addictions: Recognition and treatment. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 23(2), 134-146. doi:10.1097/HRP.0000000000000051.


Zitzman, S. & Butler, M.H. (2005). Attachment, addiction, and recovery: Conjoint marital therapy for recovery from sexual addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 12, 311-337. DOI: 10.1080/10720160500362652

Bibliography on Treatment for Compulsive Pornography Use


Anthony, J. (2015). Pornography addiction: Destroying the habit & breaking the cycle. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Arterburn, S., Stoeker, F. & Yorkey, M. (2002). Every young man’s battle: Strategies for victory in the real world of sexual temptation. Colorado Springs, CO: Waterbrook Press


Bradshaw, J. (2005). Healing the shame that binds you. Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications, Inc.


Brandenburg, B. (2013). Power over pornography: The breakthrough formula for overcoming pornography addiction. North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.


Carnes, P. (1997). The betrayal bond: Breaking free of exploitive relationships. Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications, Inc.


Carnes, P. (2012). A gentle path through the twelve steps: The classic guide for all people in the process of recovery. Center City, MN: Hazelden.


Christo, E. (2013). Lust free in 31 days: Christian men overcoming lust, porn, sex addiction and masturbation. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Dindinger, R.V. (2014). Pornography addiction: Breaking the chains-A workbook of essential tools for recovery.


Elliot, C. (2014). Sex Addiction: The ultimate guide to sex addiction recovery. New York, NY: BMS Publishing


Hatch, L. (2013). Living with a sex addict: The basics from crisis to recovery. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Hall, P. (2013). Understanding and treating sex addiction: A comprehensive guide for people who struggle with sex addiction and those who want to help them. New York, NY: Routledge.


Hall, P. (2016), Sex addiction: The partner’s perspective: A comprehensive guide to understanding and surviving sex addiction for partners and those who want to help them. New York, NY: Routledge.


Impavido, J.A. (2012). Recovery from sexual and pornography addiction. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Jenson, K.A., Poyner, G. & Fox, D. (2014). Good Pictures, Bad Pictures: Porn-Proofing Today's Young Kids. Richland, WA: Glen Cove Press


Laaser, M.R. (2009). Healing the wounds of sexual addiction. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.


Lee, Y. (2015). Sex addiction: Recovery for Life. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Lofgreen, C.A. (2012). The storm of sex addiction: Rescue and recovery. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Mastoff, K. (2016).  Handling the pornography addiction: What’s wrong with a few dirty movies anyway?


McLeish, C.O. (2016). Overcoming pornography & masturbation addiction. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Palmer, V.T. (2016). Moving beyond betrayal: The 5-step boundary solution for partners of sex addicts. Las Vegas, Nevada: Central Recovery Press.


Parker, P. (2016) Kick porn in the butt. 11 real life success stories. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Saunders, A.J. (2015). Change your brain: How your habits cause anxiety. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Schwartz, J.P. (2016), Cut the FAP: Why your porn addiction is worse than you think: And how to solve it. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


Snipes, E. (2015). Tempted no more: Breaking free from pornography by walking in grace. Greenwood Village, CO: Exchanged Life Discipleship


Spears, I. (2016). Porn addiction: Step-by-step simple guide to control addiction. Sold by: Amazon Digital Services


The Augustine Fellowship, Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous. (1986). Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous-First Edition. Boston, MA: Fellowship-Wide-Services, Inc.


Trotter, D.L. (2016).  A different kind of strong. Salt Lake City, UT: Intellectual Reserve


Weiss, R. & Schneider. (2015). Always turned on: Sex addiction in the digital age. Carefree, Arizona: Gentle Path Press.


Williams, R.E. & Kraft, J.S. The mindfulness workbook for addiction: A guide to coping with grief, stress and anger that trigger addictive behaviors. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.


Wilson, G. (2014). Your brain on porn: Internet pornography and the emerging science of addiction. London: Commonwealth Publishing.